The Open Source Database Of Mysql Information Technology Essay

The sensory(a) extraction Database Of Mysql Information Technology EssayA entropybase is a schemeatic collection of data. A database management system is needed to strain, access, delete, or otherwise organize data in a database.MySQL is an bluff seminal fluid database management system.. You screw freely download, modify, and use open lineage softw be without having to pay any recompenses/royalty to the buffer author.In this chapter, you will learn intimately MySQL and its improvements over other relational database management systems (RDMS). In addition, you will learn near the advantages of MySQL as an open root database and of using PHP with MySQL.What is MySQL?Consider a library, which lends books to its members. Traditionally, the elaborate of books, members, and lending are maintained manually using ledgers. as the number of books increases, managing and searching for books, members and lending details becomes difficult. To maintain and retrieve information fas t, this information can be stored in an electronic database and a database management system can be used to manage these electronic databases.A DBMS manages the database. A database is used to store the data in a organise format. A DBMS is responsible for managing the operations such as adding, accessing, and processing data. A DBMS plays a primal role in computing as a standalone utility or as a part of applications.MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS), which manages a relational database. A relational database stores information in some(prenominal) postpones instead of storing it as a large remit. This structure imparts flexibility to the database. MySQL uses the standardized Structured oppugn Language (SQL) to manage the database.MySQL is a universal Open Source database. It is developed and distributed by MySQL AB, a company founded by the MySQL developers. In 2008, Sun Microsystems acquired MySQL AB. In 2010, seer acquired Sun Microsystems and so MyS QL is now owned by Oracle Corp.Main Features in MySQLMySQL was designed to achieve goals such as speed, robustness, and ease of use. The delivers of MySQL are as followsTechnical FeaturesWritten in C and C++Tested with different compilersCross-platform compatibility, that is, works on multiple in operation(p) systemsSupports multiple storage engines both transactional and non-transactionalgenus Apis for accessing MySQL databases operable in many deliverys, including C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, and Tcl employments kernel threads to achieve complete multi-threadingCan use multiple CPUs where available, boosting performanceDynamic memory lay aside and use of threads to allocate memoryUses a single-sweep multi-join method to allow fast resolution of joinsServer can be used as a separate application or as an embedded libraryColumn TypesSupports multiple column or data types including Numeric, Date and Time, and StringProvides for mapping data types from other data bases to MySQL data typesSupports fixed- and variable-length stringsCommands and FunctionsSupports the use of all MySQL operators and functions in the SELECT statement and the WHERE clauseSupports the use of tables from different databases in one statementSupports table and column aliasesDisplays information about databases, tables, and indexes using the SHOW commandDisplays query resolution information using the EXPLAIN commandProvides full support for SQL pigeonholing BY and ORDER BY clauses and group functions as well as left and right outer joinsSupports the use of function names as table or column nameSecuritySupport for in-built data encryption and decryptionPrivileges can be assigned to usersPassword encryptionScalability and LimitsHandles large databases sizesAllows up to 64 indexes per tableAllows up to 16 keys per tableConnectivityOn any platform, clients whitethorn connect to the MySQL host using TCP/IP socketsOn Windows NT, 2000, XP, 2003 and Vista, clients may connect to the MySQL innkeeper using named pipes or shared-memory connectionsOn UNIX systems, clients may connect using UNIX domain socket filesLocalizationDisplays error message in 20 languages including Czech, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, and RussiansSupports Unicode and various(a) character setsAllows data to be stored, sorted and compared using the chosen character setClients and toolsProvides built in support to check, optimize, and repair tablesProvides mysql tool to execute case-by-case SQL commands or SQL commands stored in a fileProvides mysqlaccess tool to check host, user, and database privilegesProvides mysqladmin tool to manage the database serverProvides mysqldump tool to backup the contents of one ore more(prenominal) MySQL databases to a fileProvides mysqlhotcopy tool to backup a single database or table on to the very(prenominal) computerProvides mysqlimport tool to import data into MySQL table from a fileProvides mysqlshow tool to display info rmation about the databases, tables, and columnsProvides mysqld_safe tool that enables safe start up of the MySQL serverAdvantages of using MySQL over the other RDBMSThere are many commercial message DBMSessuch as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and Sybase available in the market. These DBMSes are robust and reliable, and support most of the features a user wants.It is impossible for these databases to compete MySQL on price, as MySQL is available for free downloads. In addition, for commercial DBMSes, the initial setup is more expensive, resource intensive, and metre consuming.A nonher factor that adds to the embody is the training required on commercial databases. For MySQL, there are many free training courses available on the Internet. Also, you can download MySQL for free and learn to use it.As the source is available, you can customize MySQL as required. The vast support networks available (as blogs, forums, and lists) enables you to access information and support easily as o pposed to the paid support structures of commercial DBMSes.Typically, open source packet package tends to be updated more frequently than commercial software because many users contribute to its development. As a result, new features are available more often than for commercial databases.MySQL has different versions available that work on the various versions of Linux, UNIX, Microsoft Windows, and other operating systems. MySQL also offers various in-built and third-party GUI tools for faster and easier design, implementation, and administration. chase are the advantages that MySQL offers over other RDMSReliable Different users induct found MySQL even infra very heavy loads and large database sizes.Ease of Use MySQL has a modular and flexible architecture that makes it easy to manage and customize.Cross Platform Support MySQL is available on more than twenty different operating systems including Linux, UNIX, and Microsoft Windows.Contrasting MySQL as an open source database with other RDBMSThere are many open source and commercial databases available. Some of the popular open source databases include mSQL, PostgreSQL, and InstantDB. Similarly, Oracle, MS SQL Server, and Sybase are whatever popular commercial databases.The early editions of MySQL did not support all the SQL features. For example, transaction support and stored bits were not available in the older versions of MySQL. The latest versions of MySQL, however, provide full SQL and transaction support.The commercial databases support almost all the features as MySQL, but the performance of MySQL is better.One drawback in MySQL is that it does not support advanced SQL3 features such as object oriented data types. PostgresSQL supports advanced SQL3 features and is a better choice as an open source DBMS with SQL3 features. However, PostgresSQL has a major disadvantage in its hidden limit of 8k of data per row.PostgreSQL is more powerful but MySQL is faster. MySQL does not need a vacuum procedure as PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL withstands higher loads. The latest versions of PostgreSQL and MySQL support features as sub-selects, stored procedures, triggers, unions, and views. However, older versions of MySQL did not support all these features. In addition, because these features are new to MySQL, there are some performance issues.However, MySQL provides with more user-friendly command interface so it is it popular among web developers.The databases such as mSQL cannot compete with MySQL on many fronts. For example, MySQL has a richer feature set of SQL than mSQL. MySQL also supports more data types and functions as compared to mSQL.InstantDB competes well with MySQL when we consider the different features. The only feature of MySQL that InstantDB is unable to compete is performance. MySQL is faster as compared to InstantDB.Advantages of PHP in MySQL environmentPHP is a simple tool designed for web development. It is easy to learn and allows a developer to implement various web- comput er programming tasks, including database-related routines. It offers good flexibility and performance.PHP is a scripting language that is executed at run-time. It enables a user to interact with databases. PHP and MySQL are used unneurotic to store data on the Web. PHP is compatible with MySQL, which is one of the most popular database engines. MySQL is free and provides with high performance.Using databases allows a store of information that is accessed by users. In addition to this, a user is able to store his information in the database. Following diagram will help us to to a lower placestand the interaction between the client-server-database.Figure 1.1 Interaction between Client, Server, and the DatabaseIn the above figure, a server is connected to several clients and a database connected with the server. These components have two-way interactions between them. When a client requests for a HTML file, the browser sends a request to the server. The server will find the requested file and sends the HTML file to the browser. The working of the system above is simple. However, such a system has limitations. If several users require the same file wherefore the file is sent to all the clients who requested it as a static page and HMTL is not able to interact with the server. The main advantage of using PHP is that a Web page is able to access a database.Alternatively a client will request for a PHP file. The PHP preprocessor will consequently convert the file to HTML, which is sent to the user.Examples where databases are used on a website are listed belowSites that work on database We are quite familiar with the online backlog system in which the user is able to book a seat using the Internet. The backend database of this system gets updated depending on the action of the user. Different parts of the database can be accessed by changing the URL, which is the uniform resource locator.Message Boards Several message boards on the Internet are run using MySQL a nd PHP. Such systems are more efficient than those using other utilities. Other systems create a page for apiece message and provide various options. While updating such system would need to depart all the pages. A system using MySQL and PHP would just require changing one page.Updating Websites Consider that a large website is to be updated. A user is able to modify the whole website using few PHP scripts. The information related to these pages is stored in MySQl database. The PHP scripts would access a MySQL database to access the information about the pages. For updating the website, the user would need to just change one page.Banner Rotation We have several banners on a site. A PHP script is called for each banner. A database of banners is opened and a random banner is displayed. In nightspot to insert, modify or delete a banner we just have to change the database. The PHP script would pick the correct banners for the pages on the site.To run a PHP script a user will need the followingWeb serverPHP inescapably to be installedMySQL needs to be installedPHP is compatible with almost all the operating systems.PHP and MySQL both are open source. It is convenient to obtain these for free downloads from the Internet. This feature makes it appeal effective as compared with others.If we compare PHP and MySQL against ASP, the code for searching a database in ASP has a line at the top which states the number of matches. In order to get this number one needs to cycle through the records once to count them, as the RecordCount property keeps returning -1. The equivalent MySQL function mysql_num_rows worked first time as advertised, shortening the code, and the time taken to run the server-side page.MySQL provides with command-line function, which allows access to the database so that user is able to view the query results which the PHP page acquires.PHP scripts can also be used to control all the database administrative options but it is better to install a PHPMyA dmin on the server. PHPMyAdmin is an administrative interface for MySQL databases. It consists of set of free scripts to provide administrative interface.Licensing issues related to open source softwaresThere are many types of software manifests available. An open-source software license permits users to read, access, change, and reuse the source code of a software product. Open-source software does not necessarily mean free software. Open source commonly refers to software that is made available to everyone at no cost under a license obligation having a few restrictions.The dissemination of open-source software must fulfill with the following criteriaFree Distribution The license allows you to sell the software or distribute it for free as a part of your software dispersal. You are not required to pay any fee or rayalty against such a distribution.Source Code The source code of the product is made available along the product. If the source code is not distributed with the sof tware, then it must be made available free or at a reasonable cost. In addition, the source code must be in a form that a user is able to modify it.Derived Works The license must allow modifications to the software. Also after the modification, it must allow the redistribution under the same terms as the license of the original software.No variation against Persons or Groups The license must be applied same for everybodyNo Discrimination against Fields of Endeavor It means that the license should not restrict the software in a specific field of endeavor.Distribution of authorize The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those parties.License must not be item to a product -The rights attached to the program must not depend on the programs being part of a particular software distribution. If the program is extracted from that distribution and used or distributed within the terms of the programs license, all parties to whom the program is redistributed should have the same rights as those that are granted in conjunction with the original software distribution.License must not contaminate Other Software The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with the licensed softwareIntegrity of the Authors Source Code The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in special form only if the license allows the distribution of patch files with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time. The license must explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source code. The license may require derived works to carry a different name or version number from the original software.Open Source Software BenefitsThe open source software are freely available on the Internet for free downloads. Open-source software has become popular payable to several reasons. Following are the b enefits of Open-Source SoftwareAccess to Source Code- Enables user to understand the software at a deep level. It also enables to debug the software.Large Community- Creates an opportunity for widespread and rapid teamwork on development projects.Low Cost- Available for free downloads from on the Internet.Broad Rights- Enables to grant licenses to use, modify and redistribute the open source software, which is a major advantage. The commercial software products are distributed only in binary form and may not be modified.Licensing of MySQLMySQL software is released under the General Public License (GPL). It may often be used for free, but users may require buying commercial licenses from MySQL AB for certain purpose. Licensing options are as followsCommercial License- Suppose an government activity wants software to be accessed by the customers or the members in the organization. In this case the commercial license is needed. This is useful when an organization wants the source code to be secret. Such organizations do not want to act in accordance with the General Public License. The commercial license is an agreement with MySQL AB for organizations that do not want to release their application source code. Commercial licensed users get a commercially supported product from with assurances from MySQL. commercially licensed users are also free from the requirement of making their own application open source.Open Source License- Enables users to offer the features added to everyone. Anyone is able to use, modify or distribute the software. The open license is free of cost. The condition is that the user must make the complete source code available.SummaryMySQL is the most popular Open Source SQL database. It is developed and distributed by MySQL AB, which is a company, founded by the MySQL developers.The MySQL is a database management system which manages the database. A database is used to store the data in a structured format. A database management system is r esponsible to manage the operations such as adding, accessing, and processing data.MySQL is a relational database management system, which stores information in several files instead of storing it as a large table. This structure imparts flexibility to the database.MySQL is Open Source software that enables any one to use and modify the source code.We have many commercial databases available in the market such as Oracle, Microsoft, and Sybase. These commercial databases support most of the features a user wants. These databases fail to compete with MySQL for read-heavy-database applications.A user is able to modify the source code due to which new features become easily available as compared to the traditional databases.An open-source database is cheap. It is free if you adopt the open source license.MySQL works on different operating systems such as Linux, UNIX, and Windows.PHP is a scripting language. It enables a user to interact with the databases. PHP and MySQL are used togeth er to store data on the Web.In order to run a PHP we need a Web sever. Also PHP and MySQL need to be installed.An open-source software license permits users to read, access, change, and reuse the source code of a software product.Check Your ProgressThe mysqlshow tool that displays information about the__________.MySQL server and the information about the databases and tables on the serverMySQL client and the information about the databases and tables of the clientAll the databases of the client and the server_____________is an administrative interface for MySQL databases.mysqladminPHPMyAdminadminMySQL software is released under the_________.Commercial source LicenseOpen source LicenseGeneral Public LicenseMySQL allows up to _______ indexes per table.16328______________ tool manages users of MySQL.mysqladminmysqlaccessmysqlmysqlshowThis page has been intentionally left fresh